José Ignacio Murillo Fragero

The archaeological analysis of the standing structure of the church of san Miguel de Lillo (oviedo) has been focused on recording the walls and a typological study of its individual elements. This research has revealed alterations to the original building project, the ruin of the eastern extension of the church and the different historic and modern modifications.

Analysis of the walls confirms that alterations were made during the original building process, which affected the western space, where two thick walls divided it into a porch and two lateral stairs supporting the upper tribune. This alteration could have been made because of modification of those parts already built (such as the semi columns at the stairs’ entrances), the reuse of some elements moved to a new location (such as the bases of the semi columns attached to the new walls or the mouldings replaced without any order and, finally, the production of new pieces specifically for this alteration. Those elements cut in limestone belong to this last group and can be classified in two types: some are decorated, but in a different style to those belonging to the original building cut in sandstone, and, on the other hand, most of them are plain or prepared for decoration. The analysis of these individual elements has been the key to recognising this alteration, which is not visible in the external wall faces nor in the plastered interior. These discoveries enable us to discuss the builders of the church, and specially those responsible for two different kinds of decoration. it is highly probable than the reformed project included an exterior porch with an upper balcony, which would explain the upper western door.

The many decorated fragments gathered from the site of the church (more than fifty are currently preserved in the oviedo Museum) as well the foundations recorded in half dozen modern interventions indicate that there was an eastern extension of the building, although stratigraphic evidence of its demolition has not been found. some original decorative remains have been preserved in the internal wall faces of the side-aisles, but others have been reused in the exterior, indicating thus rebuilding. a detailed analysis of these walls, without the plaster, would show stratigraphic evidence now hidden.

once the building had collapsed, a new sanctuary was set up in a similar position to the present one. although we are not sure of form of this sanctuary, two facts show that it originally existed: the remains of a chancel in the present crossing and the dismantling of a wall closing off the porch, which was opened up to give the congregation a new space.

Subsequent modifications took place in the building. The current apse was probably built in the Late Medieval Period or early in Modern Period and, later on, other buildings were erected around the church, whose function was dependent on it. all these additions were removed in the restorations starting in 1850. other restorations were carried out in the building itself, mainly in the north-western corner.

This publication includes a list of stratigraphic Units and their interpretations (activities), which is actually a synthesis of the archaeologists’ recording sheets, the stratigraphic sequence diagram and the stratigraphic elevation drawings.

Giuseppe Marchetti Longhi located with exact precision the famous Pompey’s Curia, which “witnessed” Julius Caesar’s death. This contribution is the first complete study of all historical phases of the Pompeian building, as well as the arguments available to locate the structure that closed the famous place of Caesar’s death.

El acercamiento al edificio histórico como el conjunto de construcciones y transformaciones que se han ido produciendo a lo largo de su historia permite entender con rigor la naturaleza evolutiva del mismo. En este sentido, la metodología de la Arqueología de la Arquitectura, basada en el análisis estratigráfico, aporta el marco teórico adecuado para el análisis de la secuencia evolutiva de los edificios existentes.

El presente artículo ofrece una metodología novedosa para el estudio de las construcciones históricas que integra el análisis patológico en la secuencia estratigráfica. Gracias a ella, se obtiene una visión evolutiva de la estructura y de sus problemas patológicos, alcanzándose una mejor comprensión de los mismos. Además permite obtener unos resultados más rigurosos, eficaces y respetuosos con los valores patrimoniales, potenciándose la optimización de los recursos para la conservación del patrimonio cultural.

Esta propuesta se centra en el caso de estudio llevado a cabo en la antigua mezquita y ahora iglesia del convento de Santa Clara (Córdoba), donde la integración interdisciplinar ha proporcionado las bases para el desarrollo de este trabajo.



The approach to the historical building by means of the sequence of constructions and transformations which take place throughout its whole life allows to understand rigorously its evolutionary nature. In this way, the methodology of the archaeology of architecture, which is based on the stratigraphical analysis, provides the adequate theoretical frame to study the evolutionary sequence of existing buildings.

The present paper offers an innovative methodology for the study of historical constructions aimed at the integration of the pathological analysis into the stratigraphic sequence. It thus allows to obtain an evolutionary perspective of the structure and their pathological problems, reaching a better comprehension. Besides this, thanks to the proposed methodological approach more rigorous, efficient and respectful results can be obtained, boosting the optimization of the existing resources for the conservation of cultural heritage.

This proposal is focused on a specific case study concerning the old mosque and current church of the convent of Santa Clara (Córdoba), where the interdisciplinar integration of several profesional profiles has allowed us to develop this work.

Digital technology for 3D survey and virtual modeling of historical buildings has been largely improved in the last years. However, virtual reconstructions of lost buildings still offer hermetic interpretations, so that it is almost impossible to understand them critically. Such models usually avoid the diachronic perspective that is closely related to the evolutionary and complex essence of historical constructions. The present paper addresses the innovative case study of the Early Medieval monastic church of San Cebrián de Mazote (Valladolid, Spain), which has been analised to know the original building and its later additions and restorations. Besides that, this paper proposes theoretical guidelines to develop current digital 3D models of historical buildings into advanced ones by means of implementing their transformation sequence and complex essence (metadata), as well as the interpretation process that has been taken during the research (paradata).

La iglesia parroquial de San Martín, en Mota del Marqués (Valladolid), constituye un magnífico ejemplo de arquitectura gótica moderna, fruto de un periodo de transición entre el mundo medieval y las nuevas corrientes clasicistas del Renacimiento. Construida de nueva planta a partir de 1539 según las trazas de Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón, la iglesia ofrece un amplio y luminoso espacio interior, organizado en tres naves de igual altura. Sus bóvedas de crucería de tradición medieval se combinan perfectamente con una estructura de paramentos y soportes con elementos de lenguaje clasicista, fórmulas que caracterizan a las construcciones de este periodo de transición. Los sistemas constructivos alternan la cantería de nervios y muros -con soluciones estandarizadas y sistematizadas-, así como la albañilería de los cascos de las bóvedas, tabicadas y sin cimbra superficial.

El presente artículo analiza el proceso de diseño y construcción del edificio gracias a un riguroso levantamiento fotogramétrico y un análisis histórico-constructivo de sus fábricas. Dado que es una obra de nueva planta, con una autoría muy clara, ha supuesto una oportunidad excelente para contrastar la realidad construida con las pautas de diseño planteadas por el propio Rodrigo Gil en el “Compendio de Arquitectura y Simetría de los Templos”. De este modo, se han estudiado los criterios de trazado y dimensionamiento, tanto de su planta como de sus muros, estribos y bóvedas, comparándolos con los criterios teóricos de su autor. Además, se han analizado sus fábricas para conocer el proceso y las técnicas constructivas empleadas. Con todo ello, se ha pretendido profundizar en el estudio concreto de este edificio, al mismo tiempo que ofrecer un modelo de análisis riguroso de la arquitectura histórica.

Se exponen los principales resultados obtenidos tras la lectura estratigráfica de un templo que, pese a su escala,
ha suscitado un moderado interés en los estudios del románico soriano. La secuencia, que se prolonga hasta
nuestros días, arroja interesantes datos acerca de un posible proceso de fortificación en época medieval así como
sobre las dificultades experimentadas para su cierre definitivo. La imbricación de los datos arqueológicos con
las referencias escritas conservadas nos ha permitido, además, documentar las intensas remodelaciones de la
fábrica en la edad Moderna.
This paper shows the main results of the archaeological analysis of a temple which, small though, has caused a
moderate interest within the studies on the Romanesque in Soria. The sequence, which lasts until today, offers
interesting data regarding a possible fortification process in the medieval period and the obstacles to close it up
definitely. The archaeological data along with the written references have made possible besides to record others
deep transformations that took place in the Modern Age.

The Chapel of Nuestra Señora of Tiermes (Soria), placed on archaeological Roman site, has attracted the attention of those researchers interested in the site, on one hand, and of those devoted to the Romanesque architecture in the province, on the other. It is therefore that the chapel appears currently in a huge quantity of publications, proposing these different hypotheses regarding its origins. Some researchers defend the reuse of Roman or Visigothic materials in the apse of the church, while others think that this cannot be dated earlier than to the Romanesque period. With the aim of confirming or correcting these hypotheses, the main results of the archaeological analysis of the building are here exposed, comparing them with those conclusions coming from previous works.

"The Mudejar tower of San Pedro el Viejo de Madrid offers, thanks to various modern-era and contemporary interventions, the possibility of analyzing its unknown construction process and construction tecniques combining brick and limestone stonework. A wall of brick and mud was used as the formwork of limestone walls and then used as a base for the first sections and staircase. The wood and brick walls on view were also used as formwork.

Key words: Construction techniques. Toledo Mudejar. Tower, staircase, formwork, brick, limestone. Madrid, San Pedro el Viejo."